Business, Legal & Accounting Glossary
The Tokyo Stock Exchange (東京証券取引所 Tōkyō Shōken Torihikisho), or TSE, located in Tokyo, Japan, is the second-largest stock exchange market in the world by market value, second only to the New York Stock Exchange. It currently lists 2,271 domestic companies and 31 foreign companies, with a total market capitalization of over 5 trillion USD.
Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE) is a stock exchange in Tokyo city, Japan. The premier Japanese stock exchange is the second-largest stock exchange in the world in terms of market valuation. The Tokyo Stock Exchange currently sees active trading in more than 2,000 Japanese companies and 30 foreign companies Current market capitalization of TSE is 11.5 billion yen. Mr Atsushi Saito is the current president and chief executive officer. The present chairman of the board is Mr Taizo Nishimuro. TSE is governed by 16 directors and 7 executive officers.
The TSE is incorporated as a Kabushiki Kaisha with nine directors, four auditors and eight executive officers. Its headquarters are located at 2-1 Nihombashi Kabutocho, Chūō-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Its operating hours are from 9:00 to 11:00 am, and from 12:30 to 3:00 pm. From April 24, 2006, the afternoon trading session started at its usual time of 12:30 p.m.
Stocks listed on the TSE are separated into the First Section (for large companies), the Second Section (for mid-sized companies), and the “Mothers” section (for high-growth startup companies). As of March 2006, there are 1,721 First Section companies, 489 Second Section companies and 156 Mothers companies.
The main indices tracking the TSE are the Nikkei 225 index of companies selected by the Nihon Keizai Shimbun (Japan’s largest business newspaper), the TOPIX index based on the share prices of First Section companies, and the J30 index of large industrial companies maintained by Japan’s major broadsheet newspapers.
89 domestic and 19 foreign securities companies participate in TSE trading. See: Members of the Tokyo Stock Exchange
Other TSE-related institutions include:
On 15th June 2007, the TSE paid $303 million to acquire a 4.99% stake in Singapore Exchange Ltd.
The Tokyo Stock Exchange was established on May 15, 1878, as the Tokyo Kabushiki Torihikijo (東京株式取引所) under the direction of then-Finance Minister Okuma Shigenobu and capitalist advocate Shibusawa Eiichi. Trading began on June 1, 1878.
In 1943, the exchange was combined with ten other stock exchanges in major Japanese cities to form a single Japanese Stock Exchange (日本証券取引所 Nippon Shōken Torihikisho). The combined exchange was shut down and reorganized shortly after the bombing of Nagasaki.
The Tokyo Stock Exchange reopened under its current Japanese name on May 16, 1949, pursuant to the new Securities Exchange Act.
The TSE runup from 1983 to 1990 was unprecedented, in 1990 it accounted for over 60% of the world’s stock market capitalization (by far the world’s largest) before falling precipitously in value and rankings today, but still remains one of the 3 largest exchanges in the world by market capitalization of listed shares.
The trading floor of the TSE was closed on April 30, 1999, and the exchange switched to electronic trading for all transactions. A new facility, called TSE Arrows (東証アローズ Tōshō Arrows?), opened on May 9, 2000.
In 2001, the TSE restructured itself as a stock company: before this time, it was structured as an incorporated association (社団法人 shadan hōjin) with its members as shareholders.
The exchange was only able to operate for 90 minutes on November 1, 2005, due to bugs with a newly installed transactions system, developed by Fujitsu, which was supposed to help cope with higher trading volumes. The interruption in trading was the worst in the history of the exchange. Trading was suspended for four-and-a-half hours.
During the initial public offering of J-Com on December 8, 2005, an employee at Mizuho Securities Co., Ltd. mistakenly typed an order to sell 610,000 shares at 1 yen, instead of an order to sell 1 share at 610,000 yen. Mizuho failed to catch the error; the Tokyo Stock Exchange initially blocked attempts to cancel the order, resulting in a net loss of 347 million US dollars to be shared between the exchange and Mizuho. Both companies are now trying to deal with their troubles: lack of error checking, lack of safeguards, lack of reliability, lack of transparency, lack of testing, loss of confidence, and loss of profits. On 11 December, the TSE acknowledged that its system was at fault in the Mizuho trade. On 21 December, Takuo Tsurushima, chief executive of the TSE, and two other senior executives resigned over the Mizuho affair.
On January 17, 2006, the Nikkei 225 fell 2.8%, its fastest drop in nine months, as investors sold stocks across the board in the wake of a raid by prosecutors on internet company livedoor. The Tokyo Stock Exchange closed early on January 18 due to the trade volume threatening to exceed the exchange’s computer system’s capacity of 4.5 million trades per day. This was called the “livedoor shock.” The exchange quickly increased its order capacity to five million trades a day.
London Stock Exchange and Tokyo Stock Exchange are developing jointly traded products and share technology, marking the latest cross-border deal among bourses as international competition heats up. Tokyo Stock exchange is also looking for some partners in Asia, and more specifically with Singapore Exchange, which is considered as becoming a leading financial hub in Asia-Pacific. Recently, some rumours close to the deal are telling that Tokyo Stock Exchange is preparing for the first semester of 2008 a takeover the Singapore Exchange, or at least take a major stake. In June 2007, the Tokyo Stock Exchange already purchased a 5% of SGX, and it is only the beginning of bigger participation.
Tokyo Stock Exchange-listed stocks are assorted into three sections based on their individual profiles. The First Section lists large companies. The Second Section lists mid-sized companies. The Mothers section lists high growth-oriented start-up companies.
Two indexes track TSE: the Nikkei 225 company index and the TOPIX index. The TOPIX index is built according to the share price of First Section companies. The Nikkei 225 index is a list of companies selected by Japan’s major corporate group-Nihon Keizai Shimbun. The other major share index of TSE is J30. The J30 index is a group of large industrial companies as maintained by major news broadsheet newspapers. More than 80 Japanese and 15 foreign securities companies participate in TSE trading. Electronic trading of securities commenced from 30th April 1999. TSE Arrows, a new trading platform started functioning from 9th May 2000.
The Tokyo Stock Exchange was founded on 15th May, 1878. Trading in securities began from 1st June, 1878. TSE was then known as Tokyo Kabushiki Torihikijo. The year 1943 saw the exchange being merged with ten other regional stock exchanges to create a single Japanese Stock Exchange. Trading stopped after the atom bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. It was again opened for trading on 16th May, 1949. The TSE was reconstituted as a stock company in 2001. The present formal name of TSE is the Tokyo Stock Exchange Group, Inc.
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This glossary post was last updated: 25th April, 2020 | 0 Views.