Business, Legal & Accounting Glossary
A macroeconomic value equal to the sum of all personal consumption expenditures, business expenditures, and government expenditures in a particular time period.
Aggregate demand is an economic term that refers to the total demand for goods and services in a country’s economy at a given period of time and price level. Aggregate demand reflects the gross domestic product of the country at a static inventory level. In simple terms, it represents a horizontal summation of demand schedules of all the goods and services produced in the country in a particular year. Aggregate demand schedule or curve aids in analyzing the relationship between the total goods and services purchased, as represented in the GDP or GNP and the general price level, as represented by a comprehensive price index, in the national economy.
Aggregate demand is the total demand in an economy for a given length of time. The phrase “aggregate demand” can be also be understood as “aggregate expenditure,” as it is always expressed in terms of expenditure on services and products. The aggregate demand for any economy is expressed in the function:
Y = C + I + G + (X-M)
in which:
Y = aggregate demand
C = consumer expenditures
I = business expenditures
G = government expenditures
X = total value of all exports
M = total value of all imports
Therefore, aggregate demand is the total expenditures in an economy plus net imports.
This formula for determining aggregate demand is credited to John Maynard Keynes, commonly considered to be the founding theorist of modern macroeconomics. Governments often cite aggregate demand when determining fiscal policy or adjusting the money supply. Business cycles, inflation and other economic phenomena are all affected by aggregate demand, and vice-versa.
According to Keynes, aggregate demand can be divided into smaller schedules whose interrelationships define macroeconomic phenomena such as inflation, economic growth and business cycles. Accordingly, he formulated the aggregate demand identity that is frequently used to determine national income.
Aggregate supply represents the total supply of goods and services in a country during a specified time period. The aggregate supply curve or schedule aids in determining the relationship of total production and sale of goods and services in the national economy and the general price level that is measured by a comprehensive price index. Aggregate supply is represented in three forms. These are the short-run aggregate supply, medium-run aggregate supply and the long-run aggregate supply.
The aggregate demand for bananas in the UK might be negatively impacted by the recent discovery of nests of deadly bananas spiders in packages of imported bananas.
In passing the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, Congress sought to boost aggregate demand in the American economy through increased government spending on infrastructure projects and targeted tax cuts that encouraged consumer spending.
My brother decided to buy lots of stock coming out of the recession because he believed companies would be selling more products to consumers who had increased aggregate demand.
aggregate demand curve
aggregate supply
deflationary policy
fiscal drag
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This glossary post was last updated: 26th November, 2021 | 0 Views.