Define: Act

In legal contexts, an “act” generally refers to a formal written document that sets forth laws, rules, regulations, or directives passed by a legislative body or other governing authority. Acts can be enacted by national or state legislatures, municipal governments, or international organisations, and they carry the force of law within the jurisdiction for which they are enacted. Acts may cover a wide range of subjects, including criminal law, civil law, administrative procedures, taxation, and more. They are often organized into codes or statutes and serve as the primary source of law within a given jurisdiction. Acts typically undergo a process of drafting, debate, amendment, and enactment before becoming law. Once enacted, acts are binding on individuals, organisations, and government entities, and failure to comply with their provisions can result in legal consequences, such as fines, penalties, or other sanctions.

Something done; usually, something done intentionally or voluntarily or with a purpose.

The term encompasses not only physical acts—such as turning on the water or purchasing a gun—but also refers to more intangible acts such as adopting a decree, edict, law, judgment, award, or determination. An act may be a private act, done by an individual managing his or her personal affairs, or it may be a public act, done by an official, a council, or a court. When a bill is favorably acted upon in the process of legislation, it becomes an act.

This site contains general legal information but does not constitute professional legal advice for your particular situation. Persuing this glossary does not create an attorney-client or legal adviser relationship. If you have specific questions, please consult a qualified attorney licensed in your jurisdiction.

This glossary post was last updated: 29th March, 2024.